dikusionar 98

postpositions and possessives (or the lack of)

postpositions

Adpositions are a class of words used to express spatial or temporal relations (in, under, towards, behind, ago, etc.) or mark various semantic roles (of, for). The most common adpositions are prepositions (which precede their complement) and postpositions (which follow their complement).
~ Wikipedia

postpositions come after adjectives (for nouns) and after adverbs (for verbs), and take one of two prefixes

  • dal- relating to the original word
  • ŕan- relating to the previous word

i.e. in the phrase "word1 dalpost1 word2 dalpost2 word3"
post is relating word1 with word3

while in "word1 ŕanpost1 word2 ŕanpost2 word3"
post related word2 with word3

possessive

there aren't specific words or affixes to express possessives, instead you use prepositions like teje or fize (and other ones) depending on context to express this kind of relation

examples

disionar daltejo nil (dictionary used by me, which depending on context implies its mine)
oqas daldeza qaiqo eni ŕandeza qaiya (house made of walls (the walls) made of wood)
oqas daldeza qaiqo eni daldaye noqa-qaleze (house made of walls (the house) part of a neighbourhood (more literally a group of houses))
eu bakú bakúni dalteje tel-kú (I eat food with an utensil (more literally a food tool))